Ilija Birčanin
Ilija Birčanin (in serbo cirillico: Илија Бирчанин; 12 Agosto 1764 - 4 gennaio 1804) è stato un Knez serbo (Duca) che fu ucciso durante la macellazione dei Duchi, l'incidente che ha scatenato la Prima insurrezione serba della rivoluzione serba, in ultima analisi, che portò alla liberazione della Serbia dall'Impero ottomano.
Come nel caso della maggior parte delle famiglie serbe importanti del 19 ° secolo migrarono da altre terre serbe in Serbia, la famiglia Birčanin veniva dalla tribù serba Banjani da Erzegovina BIRC vicino a Niksic (Old Erzegovina).
Alla fine di novembre 1797 Ilija Birčanin insieme a due altri knezes Ober da Valjevo (Aleksa Nenadović e Nikola Grbovic) portò le forze serbe a Belgrado per sostenere Hadži Mustafa Pasha per combattere le forze giannizzeri i quali furono costretti a ritirarsi. Nel gennaio 1798 Mustafa Pasha inviò le forze serbe sotto il comando di Ilija Birčanin ad attaccare le forze giannizzeri a Smederevo.
Ilija Birčanin è anche famoso in Serbia per come è descritto nel poema epico "Почетак буне против дахија" ("L'inizio della rivolta contro il dahije"). In questa poesia, mentre i governatori turchi (o dahije) stanno organizzando la macellazione dei Duchi, in particolare loro intenione è fermare ed uccidere Ilija Birčanin a causa del suo comportamento cinico. Anche se è stato al serizio dei turchi e ha dovuto riscuotere le tasse per loro, Birčanin si comportava come se fosse lui il capo e turchi i suoi servitori. Ilija Birčanin è descritto nella poesia come "un paio di baffi sotto il cappello".
Birčanin e il serbo Aleksa capo Nenadović sono stati portati davanti a una grande folla di spettatori cristiani e musulmani a Valjevo, dove Nenadovic fu pubblicamente accusato di aver cospirato con gli austriaci contro il sultano. I due sono stati poi pubblicamente decapitati ei loro corpi sono stati scaricati in un prato aperto dal fiume Kolubara, causando il panico fra i residenti che fuggirono terrorizzati.
Illustration of Ilija Birčanin, published in Знаменити Срби 19. века (1901).
Ilija Birčanin (Serbian Cyrillic: Илија Бирчанин; 12 August 1764 - 4 January 1804) was a Serbian knez (Duke) who was killed during the Slaughter of the Dukes, the incident that sparked the First Serbian Uprising of the Serbian Revolution, ultimately leading to Serbia's liberation from the Ottoman Empire.
At the end of November 1797 Ilija Birčanin together with two other ober knezes from Valjevo (Aleksa Nenadović and Nikola Grbović) brought Serb forces to Belgrade to support Hadži Mustafa Pasha to fight Janissary forces and forced them to retreat. In January 1798 Mustafa Pasha sent forces under command of Ilija Birčanin to attack Janissary forces in Smederevo.
Ilija Birčanin is also famous in Serbia because of his appearance in the epic poem "Почетак буне против дахија" ("Onset of the uprising against the dahije"). In this poem, while the Turkish governors (or dahije) are organising the Slaughter of the Dukes, they say how particularly glad they will be to kill Ilija Birčanin because of his cynical behavior. Although he was subject to the Turks and had to collect taxes for them, Birčanin used to act as if he were the chief and the Turks were his servants. Ilija Birčanin is described in the poem as "wearing his moustache under his hat".
Birčanin and the Serb chieftain Aleksa Nenadović were brought before a large crowd of Christian and Muslim onlookers in Valjevo, where Nenadovic was publicly accused of conspiring with Austrians against the sultan. The two were then publicly decapitated and their bodies were dumped in an open meadow by the Kolubara River, causing the residents to panic and flee.
Life
As was the case with most of the prominent 19th-century Serbian families who migrated from other Serbian lands to Serbia, the Birčanin family came from the Banjani Serbian tribe from Herzegovinian Birč near Nikšić (Old Herzegovina).At the end of November 1797 Ilija Birčanin together with two other ober knezes from Valjevo (Aleksa Nenadović and Nikola Grbović) brought Serb forces to Belgrade to support Hadži Mustafa Pasha to fight Janissary forces and forced them to retreat. In January 1798 Mustafa Pasha sent forces under command of Ilija Birčanin to attack Janissary forces in Smederevo.
Ilija Birčanin is also famous in Serbia because of his appearance in the epic poem "Почетак буне против дахија" ("Onset of the uprising against the dahije"). In this poem, while the Turkish governors (or dahije) are organising the Slaughter of the Dukes, they say how particularly glad they will be to kill Ilija Birčanin because of his cynical behavior. Although he was subject to the Turks and had to collect taxes for them, Birčanin used to act as if he were the chief and the Turks were his servants. Ilija Birčanin is described in the poem as "wearing his moustache under his hat".
Birčanin and the Serb chieftain Aleksa Nenadović were brought before a large crowd of Christian and Muslim onlookers in Valjevo, where Nenadovic was publicly accused of conspiring with Austrians against the sultan. The two were then publicly decapitated and their bodies were dumped in an open meadow by the Kolubara River, causing the residents to panic and flee.
Vec pocetkom 1803 godine sastalo se 12 knezova, najvise iz Valjevske nahije medju kojima najistaknutiji su bili Aleksa Nenadovic i Ilija Bircanin da se za 8 meseci podigne oruzani ustanak, ovome su se pridruzile i Sumadijske staresine, a Aleksa Nenadovic je obavestio i austrijskog komandanta u Zemunu da ce uskoro doci do oruzanog ustanka protiv dahija.
Ljudske glave nisu vrbovina
Aleksa Nenadović i Ilija Birčanin, Muselimov konak (foto: Đorđe Đoković)
His tomb, outside Ćelije monastery, in the Kolubara district, Serbia.
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