Grete Stern
Grete Stern nacque nel 1904 a Wppertal, Elberfeld, in Germania.
All'inizio
si dedicò allo studio del pianoforte e della chitarra… poi passò alle
arti grafiche e fu allieva del fotografo Peterhans Walter.
Nel 1929 con la sua amica Ellen Auerbach aprì uno studio di “graphic design” e fotografia.
Con l'arrivo al potere di Hitler si trasferì prima a Londra e poi in Argentina…
dove frequentò con successo gli ambienti artistici d'avanguardia e collaborò con la rivista “Idillio” di Buenos Aires.
Portò al massimo livello la tecnica dei fotomontaggi che chiamava “Suenos” (sogni) anche perché volevano proprio illustrare… evocare…emozioni… intese in tutti i sensi ed in tutti i modi.
Questi “sogni”
apparvero subito dei capolavori… in quanto applicavano alla fotografia
le concezioni surrealiste e visionarie all'epoca in auge nel mondo
nell'arte.
Nel
1936 sposa il fotografo argentino Horacio Coppola e dopo la fine della
guerra si dedicò soprattutto alla fotografia d'architettura e di
documentazione.
Ricevette
pertanto anche importanti incarichi di reportage tra cui la
documentazione dal vero di popolazioni aborigene e delle loro culture.
Nel 1982 ha ricevuto il premio Konex per l’attività di fotografa.
In verità deve la sua fama soprattutto alle opere dei 2 decenni antecedenti al secondo conflitto mondiale.
Grete Stern (9 May 1904 – 24 December 1999) was a German naturalized Argentine photographer. Like her husband Horacio Coppola,
she helped modernize the visual arts in Argentina, and in fact
presented the first exhibition of modern photographic art in Buenos
Aires, in 1935.
Early life
The daughter of Frida Hochberger and Louis Stern, was born on May 9, 1904, in Elberfeld, Germany. She often visited family in England and attended primary school there. After reaching adulthood, she began studying graphic arts in the Kunstgewerbeschule, Stuttgart, from 1923 to 1925, but after a short term working in the field she was inspired by the photography of Edward Weston and Paul Outerbridge to change her focus to photography. Relocating to Berlin, she took private lessons from Walter Peterhans.
Career
In Berlin, she met fellow student Ellen Auerbach. In 1930 Stern and Auerbach founded Ringl+Pit, a critically acclaimed, prize-winning Berlin-based photography and design studio. They used equipment purchased from Peterhans and became well known for innovative work in advertising. Intermittently between April 1930 and March 1933, Stern continued her studies with Peterhans at the Bauhaus photography workshop in Dessau, where she met the Argentinian photographer Horacio Coppola. The political climate of Nazi Germany
led her to emigrate with her brother to England, where Stern set up a
new studio, soon to resume her collaboration there with Auerbach.
Stern first traveled to Argentina in the company of her new husband, as she had married Horacio Coppola in 1935. The newlyweds mounted an exhibition in Buenos Aires at Sur magazine, which according to the magazine, was the first modern photography exhibition in Argentina. After a brief return to England,
Stern settled in Argentina to raise a family, her daughter Silvia and
her son Andrés, remaining even after she and Coppola divorced in 1943. In 1958, she became a citizen of Argentina.
Stern and Coppola ran a studio together from 1937 to 1941.
Around the time of the divorce, Stern began exhibiting individually,
including internationally, starting in the 1970s, returning particularly
to her native country to exhibit in 1975 and 1978. She provided photographs for magazine and served for a stint as a photography teacher in Resistencia at the National University of the Northeast in 1959. From 1956 until 1970, she was in charge of organizing and directing the photography workshop of the Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes.
Death
In 1985, she
retired from photography, but lived another 14 years until 1999, dying
in Buenos Aires on 24 December at the age of 95.
All'inizio si dedicò allo studio del pianoforte e della chitarra… poi passò alle arti grafiche e fu allieva del fotografo Peterhans Walter.
dove frequentò con successo gli ambienti artistici d'avanguardia e collaborò con la rivista “Idillio” di Buenos Aires.
Portò al massimo livello la tecnica dei fotomontaggi che chiamava “Suenos” (sogni) anche perché volevano proprio illustrare… evocare…emozioni… intese in tutti i sensi ed in tutti i modi.
Questi “sogni”
apparvero subito dei capolavori… in quanto applicavano alla fotografia
le concezioni surrealiste e visionarie all'epoca in auge nel mondo
nell'arte.
Nel
1936 sposa il fotografo argentino Horacio Coppola e dopo la fine della
guerra si dedicò soprattutto alla fotografia d'architettura e di
documentazione.
Nel 1982 ha ricevuto il premio Konex per l’attività di fotografa.
In verità deve la sua fama soprattutto alle opere dei 2 decenni antecedenti al secondo conflitto mondiale.
Early life
The daughter of Frida Hochberger and Louis Stern, was born on May 9, 1904, in Elberfeld, Germany. She often visited family in England and attended primary school there. After reaching adulthood, she began studying graphic arts in the Kunstgewerbeschule, Stuttgart, from 1923 to 1925, but after a short term working in the field she was inspired by the photography of Edward Weston and Paul Outerbridge to change her focus to photography. Relocating to Berlin, she took private lessons from Walter Peterhans.Career
In Berlin, she met fellow student Ellen Auerbach. In 1930 Stern and Auerbach founded Ringl+Pit, a critically acclaimed, prize-winning Berlin-based photography and design studio. They used equipment purchased from Peterhans and became well known for innovative work in advertising. Intermittently between April 1930 and March 1933, Stern continued her studies with Peterhans at the Bauhaus photography workshop in Dessau, where she met the Argentinian photographer Horacio Coppola. The political climate of Nazi Germany led her to emigrate with her brother to England, where Stern set up a new studio, soon to resume her collaboration there with Auerbach.Stern first traveled to Argentina in the company of her new husband, as she had married Horacio Coppola in 1935. The newlyweds mounted an exhibition in Buenos Aires at Sur magazine, which according to the magazine, was the first modern photography exhibition in Argentina. After a brief return to England, Stern settled in Argentina to raise a family, her daughter Silvia and her son Andrés, remaining even after she and Coppola divorced in 1943. In 1958, she became a citizen of Argentina.
Stern and Coppola ran a studio together from 1937 to 1941. Around the time of the divorce, Stern began exhibiting individually, including internationally, starting in the 1970s, returning particularly to her native country to exhibit in 1975 and 1978. She provided photographs for magazine and served for a stint as a photography teacher in Resistencia at the National University of the Northeast in 1959. From 1956 until 1970, she was in charge of organizing and directing the photography workshop of the Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes.
Death
In 1985, she retired from photography, but lived another 14 years until 1999, dying in Buenos Aires on 24 December at the age of 95.Biografía
En la década de 1930, trabajó con Ellen Rosenberg y más tarde, tras la llegada de Hitler al poder, tuvo que emigrar debido a su origen judío y su ideología de izquierda. Su destino inicial fue Londres, donde abrió un estudio en 1934, pero afianzada su relación con Horacio Coppola, fotógrafo argentino con el que había estudiado en la Bauhaus y con quien finalmente se casó, su destino final sería junto a él en Argentina, donde ambos dejaron la mayor parte de su legado fotográfico. A pesar de haberse separado en 1943, ella se consideraba a sí misma una fotógrafa argentina y en 1958 adoptó esta nacionalidad.Su casa familiar en Buenos Aires fue un punto de encuentro de intelectuales. Entre las amistades que la frecuentaban estuvieron figuras como Pablo Neruda, Jorge Luis Borges, Renate Schottelius, Clement Moreau, etc. Algunas de las personalidades internacionales a las que retrató fueron Bertolt Brecht y Jorge Luis Borges.
Ya divorciada, permaneció en Argentina. Viajó por este país sudamericano y conoció a la escasa, pero todavía existente población indígena, a la que fotografió y con la que se involucró de modo especial. Llegó a ser profesora de fotografía en la Universidad de Resistencia en la Provincia del Chaco y se dedicó a los problemas sociales de la comunidad originaria de esa zona.
En 1982 recibió el Premio Konex - Diploma al Mérito como una de las 5 mejores fotógrafas de la historia en la Argentina.
En 1985, debido a una dolencia ocular, abandonó la fotografía.
Obra
Con una clara vocación y una real experiencia fotográfica, accedió a la Escuela de la Bauhaus de la mano de su profesor Walter Peterhans.Sus obras de la serie "Sueños", de carácter onírico y ejecución surrealista, muestran con nitidez su impronta vanguardista. Este trabajo incluye 150 fotomontajes realizados entre 1948 y 1952 que ilustraron una columna de la revista femenina "Idilio". Las obras, en las que se ilustran los "sueños" de las mujeres, ironizan el contenido de la columna, por lo que se considera una obra de perspectiva feminista en contradicción con la línea editorial de la propia revista. Stern fue la primera fotógrafa latinoamericana en abordar los problemas de la mujer mediante la fotografía y más precisamente, a través del fotomontaje.
También son de gran sensibilidad, al igual que sus retratos, sus imágenes documentales, sus reportajes urbanos sobre Buenos Aires o sobre los últimos indígenas argentinos.
Libros
- Buenos Aires (1953).
Exposiciones (Selección)
- 1985: La photographie du Bauhaus, Museo de Arte Contemporáneo de Montreal (Canadá)
- 1998: Arte Madí (Colectiva), Museo Extremeño e Iberoamericano de Arte Contemporáneo MEIAC, Badajoz (España)
- 2001: Sueños, Presentation House Gallery - PHG, North Vancouver, BC (Canadá)
- 2003: Arte Abstracto Argentino (Colectiva), Fundación Proa, Buenos Aires (Argentina)
- 2005: Culturas del Gran Chaco (Individual), Fundación Proa, Buenos Aires (Argentina)
- 2011: Los sueños 1948 - 1951 (Individual), Museo de Arte Latinoamericano de Buenos Aires (Argentina)
Desnudo III, 1946.
In
1946 Grete Stern decided to make MADI, a then unknown group of artists
in Buenos Aires, a bit more popular. So she created this logo/poster for
them
Dream No. 18: Café Concert,” 1948.
“Dream No. 43: Untitled,” 1949.
En el andén, 1949
Cuerpos celestes, (1949)
Perspectiva, 1949
Sueno-31-1949-..-.Del-triunfo-y-dominación.
Sueño Nº 47 1949
Botella del mar, 1950
Artículos eléctricos para el hogar, by Grete Stern, 1950
El ojo eterno, hacia 1950
Jorge Luís Borges 1951
Los sueños de autorreproche. Idilio Nº 119, 1951
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